Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Article Title: Rac1 GTPase regulates 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and fibrotic remodeling
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.764449
Figure Lengend Snippet: The RacET phenotype with age-dependent atrial dilatation, fibrosis, and atrial fibrillation. A and B, left atrial (LA) weight relative to tibia length (A) and to left ventricular (LV) weight (B) in transgenic mice with heart-specific overexpression of Rac1 at 6 (RacET 6) and 12 (RacET 12) months of age compared with WT control mice (FVBN). C and D, quantification of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA (C, RT-PCR) and protein (D, Western blot) expression in LA of RacET mice. GAPDH was used as loading control. E and F, lysyl oxidase (E, LOX) and Sprouty-1 (F) myocardial protein expression in the RacET 6 and 12 months compared with WT mice. G, prevalence of atrial fibrillation and flutter evaluated by electrocardiography. H, Sirius red staining of left atrial myocardium of WT and 12-month-old RacET mice in ×10 (upper panel) and ×100 (lower panel) magnification. Error bars indicate means ± S.D. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.
Article Snippet: Immunoblotting was performed using anti-MR (rabbit polyclonal antibody against amino acids 1–300 of MR of human origin) (sc-11412, Santa Cruz), anti-11β-HSD2 (mouse monoclonal antibody against amino acids 261–405 of 11β-HSD2 of human origin) (sc-365529, Santa Cruz), anti-CTGF (goat polyclonal antibody against a peptide mapping within an internal region of CTGF of human origin) (sc-14939, Santa Cruz), anti-Sprouty-1 (rabbit polyclonal antibody against amino acids 61–180 mapping within an internal region of Sprouty-1 of human origin) (sc-30048, Santa Cruz), anti-LOX (rabbit polyclonal antibody against residues 350 to the C terminus of human LOX) (ab31238, Abcam), anti-Rac1 (mouse IgG 2b against recombinant protein containing the full-length human Rac1, Clone 23A8) (05–389, EMD Millipore) and anti-fibronectin (mouse monoclonal antibody against a T cell leukemia biopsy of human origin) (sc-71113, Santa Cruz).
Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Over Expression, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Expressing, Staining